In order to use the Intel compilers on OS X 10.9 and greater (Mavericks), the 'command line tools' for Xcode must be installed. By default these are NOT installed when you install Xcode 5.
First, install Xcode 5 to your system ( App Store, search for Xcode, install )
To install the Xcode command line tools:
While logged into your Mac as an adminstrative user, open a Terminal window (Applications -> Utilities -> Terminal)
Enter the command: xcode-select --install
Next, you will see the following window appear. Select "Install" to continue:
Installation can take up to 30 minutes.
After this, you should be ready to install the Intel Compiler for OS X or your existing installation should function from the command line.
Remember to enter the command:
source /opt/intel/bin/compilervars.sh intel64
before you begin to compile.